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½Ä¹°µ¶ : Hypericin

½Ä¹°ÀÇ Á¾·ù
- ¥â-Thujone
- Prussic acid
- Hypericin
- Goitrogens
- Furocoumarins
- Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
- Coumarins
- Safrole
- Myristicin

St. John¡¯s wort (Hypericum perforatum) is an herbal thought to alleviate symptoms of depression, and standardized extracts of St. John¡¯s wort are consumed typically in tablet or capsule form. The major active antidepressive constituents in St. John¡¯s wort are thought to be hyperforin and hypericin.

The mechanism of action is not fully understood, but may involve inhibition of serotonin (5-HT) reuptake, similar to conventional antidepressive drugs. In this manner, hyperforin and hypericin taken in conjunction with other serotonin reuptake inhibitors may contribute to serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening elevation of serotonin in the central nervous system. Hyperforin is also known to induce cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2C9, which can lead to increased metabolism of certain drugs and decreased clinical response [39].

In large doses, St. John¡¯s wort is poisonous to grazing animals, with published cases of livestock poisoning characterized by general restlessness and skin irritation, hindlimb weakness, panting, confusion, depression and in some instances, mania and hyperactivity resulting in the animal running in circles until exhausted [41]. In humans, consumption of St. John¡¯s wort may result in photosensitization, and at high continuous doses, some liver damage may occur [39]. The FDA limits exposure to St. Johns wort (Hypericum perforatum), including the leaves, flowers, and caulis, by mandating that only hypericin-free alcohol distillate form may be used and then, only in alcoholic beverages (21 CFR 172.510).

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