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½Å°æÀü´Þ ¹°Áú·Î Glutamate ¿ªÇÒ

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- ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°Áú : ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°Áú Á¾·ù
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- ¿îµ¿ : ¾Æ¼¼Æ¿Äݸ°, ´ÏÄÚƾ »ý¸®ÀÛ¿ë
- ÈïºÐ : Glu, Aspartate, ±Û¸®½Å
- ¾ïÁ¦ : GABA
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- °¨Á¤ : Ƽ·Î½Å - µµÆĹÎ, ³ë¸£¾Æµå³×³¯¸°, ¾Æµå³×³¯¸°



- ôÃßµ¿¹° ½Å°æ°è¿¡¼­ °¡Àå dzºÎÇÑ ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°ÁúÀÌ´Ù  
At chemical synapses, glutamate is stored in vesicles. Nerve impulses trigger release of glutamate from the pre-synaptic cell. In the opposing post-synaptic cell, glutamate receptors, such as the NMDA receptor, bind glutamate and are activated. Because of its role in synaptic plasticity, glutamate is involved in cognitive functions like learning and memory in the brain. The form of plasticity known as long-term potentiation takes place at glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampus, neocortex, and other parts of the brain. Glutamate works not only as a point-to-point transmitter but also through spill-over synaptic crosstalk between synapses in which summation of glutamate released from a neighboring synapse creates extrasynaptic signaling/volume transmission.

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GABA´Â ¿°¼Òä³ÎÀ» ¿­¾î Àü¾ÐÀ» ´õ¿í ³·Ãß¾î ½Å°æ Àü´ÞÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Ê°ÔÇÒ »ÓÀÌ´Ù

 

 

- ÀÎÁö´É·Â, ±â¾ï·Â, ÇнÀ·Â¿¡ °ü¿©µÈ´Ù.
The form of plasticity known as long-term potentiation takes place at glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampus, neocortex, and other parts of the brain. Glutamate works not only as a point-to-point transmitter but also through spill-over synaptic crosstalk between synapses in which summation of glutamate released from a neighboring synapse creates extrasynaptic signaling/volume transmission.[4]

- Ä¡¸ÅÄ¡·á¿¡ ¾²ÀδÙ
- GabaÀÇ Àü±¸¹°ÁúÀÌ´Ù

• Glutamate also serves as the precursor for the synthesis of the inhibitory GABA in GABA-ergic neurons. This reaction is catalyzed by glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), which is most abundant in the cerebellum and pancreas. Stiff-man syndrome is a neurologic disorder caused by anti-GAD antibodies, leading to a decrease in GABA synthesis and, therefore, impaired motor function such as muscle stiffness and spasm. Since the pancreas is also abundant for the enzyme GAD, a direct immunological destruction occurs in the pancreas and the patients will have diabetes mellitus.

Evolution of glutamate receptors is entirely the opposite in invertebrates, in particular, arthropods and nematodes, where glutamate stimulates glutamate-gated chloride channels.

GlutamineÀÇ ½Å°æ°è ¿ªÇÒÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. ½ºÆ®·¹½º, ¼ö¼ú, Áúº´ ½Ã¿¡´Â ±ÙÀ°¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ ±Û·çŸ¹ÎÀÇ 1/3°¡·®ÀÌ ¹æÃâµÇ¾î ½Å°æ°è¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ±ÙÀ° ¼Ò½ÇÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÑ´Ù. À̶§L-glutamine º¸ÃæÁ¦¸¦ Åõ¿©ÇÏ¸é ±ÙÀ° ±Û·çŸ¹Î ¹æÃâÀÌ ÈξÀ ÁÙ¾îµç´Ù. ±× ¿Ü¿¡µµ ±Û·çŸ¹Î º¸ÃæÁ¦´Â °üÀý¿°, ÀÚ°¡ ¸é¿ª Áúȯ, ¹ßÀ° ºÎÀü, ¹ß±âºÎÀü, Á¤½ÅºÐ¿­Áõ, ¾ÏÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼± Ä¡·á¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¼Õ»ó ¶§ Åõ¿©ÇÑ´Ù. Glutamic acid´Â Áß¿äÇÑ ½Å°æ Àü´Þ ¹°Áú·Î Ä®·ýÀÇ BBB Åë°ú¸¦ µ½°í ´ç ¹× Áö¹æ ´ë»ç¿¡ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. Glutamic acid´Â GABA Àü±¸Ã¼´Ù. ±×·¯³ª GABA¿Í ¹Ý´ë·Î ÈïºÐ¼º ½Å°æ Àü´Þ ¹°Áú·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. BBB¸¦ Åë°úÇÏ´Â ¸î ¾È µÇ´Â ¿µ¾ç¼Ò Áß Çϳª·Î ³úÀÇ ¾Ï¸ð´Ï¾Æ Çص¶ÀÇ À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. ÀÚ¿¬¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â nature's Brain food·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ¾î mental capacities¸¦ Áõ°¡½ÃÅ°°í ¿ì¿ïÁõ, ÇÇ·Î, ¾ËÄÚ¿ÃÁßµ¶(alcoholism), °£Áú, ±ÙÀ°ÅðÇàÀ§Ãà(muscular dystrophy), Á¤½ÅÁöü(mental retardation), Á¤½Å ºÐ¿­Áõ Ä¡·á¿¡µµ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.


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